Overview
Acidity happens when stomach acid irritates the stomach or flows back up into the food pipe, causing heartburn (acid reflux or GERD). Over time, acid and infection with H. pylori can cause ulcers in the stomach or duodenum. It is very common, especially with spicy, oily food, late meals and stress.
Causes
- Acid reflux due to a weak valve at the top of the stomach
- H. pylori infection
- Painkillers such as ibuprofen and diclofenac
- Spicy and oily food, tea, coffee and fizzy drinks
- Smoking
Risk factors
- Being overweight
- Eating late or lying down after meals
- Stress
- Pregnancy
- Regular painkiller use
Symptoms
- Burning pain in the chest or upper stomach
- Sour taste in the mouth
- Bloating and belching
- Nausea
- Pain that is worse when the stomach is empty or after meals
Diagnosis
Often diagnosed from symptoms. Your doctor may test for H. pylori, or advise an endoscopy if symptoms are severe, long-lasting or you are older.
Management
- Smaller meals, less spicy and fried food, and no lying down for 2–3 hours after eating
- Raising the head of the bed
- Antacids for quick relief
- Acid reducers such as omeprazole or esomeprazole, as advised
- Treating H. pylori with antibiotics and acid reducers when present
When to see a doctor
See a doctor if acidity lasts more than 2 weeks or keeps returning. Get urgent help for black stools, vomiting blood, trouble swallowing, weight loss or severe stomach pain.
This information is for general awareness and does not replace advice from your doctor. Prescription medicines are supplied only against a valid prescription. Questions? Ask our pharmacist on WhatsApp.