Overview
Bacterial infections can affect almost any part of the body, including the throat, ears, sinuses, chest, urinary tract, skin and gut. Antibiotics treat bacterial infections, but they do not work against viruses such as colds and flu. Using antibiotics only when needed, and finishing the full course, helps stop resistant germs.
Causes
- Bacteria such as streptococcus, staphylococcus and E. coli
- Contaminated food and water (typhoid, gut infections)
- Wounds and cuts that become infected
- Infections spread from person to person
Risk factors
- Weak immunity, diabetes and older age
- Poor hand hygiene
- Unsafe water
- Recent hospital stays
- Taking antibiotics often or not completing courses
Symptoms
- Fever and chills
- Pain, redness or swelling at the infected site
- Burning when passing urine (UTI)
- Cough with coloured phlegm (chest infection)
- Diarrhoea (gut infection)
Diagnosis
A doctor examines you and may order tests such as a blood count, urine test or culture to find the germ and the right antibiotic.
Management
- Antibiotics only when prescribed, at the right dose and for the full course
- Rest and plenty of fluids
- Paracetamol for fever and pain
- Good hygiene: hand washing, clean water and safe food
When to see a doctor
See a doctor for a fever that lasts, pain or burning on passing urine, a wound that is red, hot and spreading, or ear or throat pain with fever. Never use leftover antibiotics or take them without a prescription.
This information is for general awareness and does not replace advice from your doctor. Prescription medicines are supplied only against a valid prescription. Questions? Ask our pharmacist on WhatsApp.